Subject cataloging
• Process of determining subject headings for an item.
• the headings which best represent the subjects of the work in words and/or phrases using an authoritative list
• Process of determining subject headings for an item.
• the headings which best represent the subjects of the work in words and/or phrases using an authoritative list
Aims:
– To provide access by subject to all relevant materials
– To provide subject access to materials through all suitable of
subject organisation – i.e matter, process, application
– To bring together all references to material on a subject
regardless of different terminology, different subject approaches,
and the changing nature of material itself
– To show affiliations among subject fields
– To provide entry at any level of analysis
– To provide entry through any vocabulary common to any
considerable group of users
– To provide a formal description the subject content of the item in
the most precise terms possible, whether this be a word, phrase,
class number etc
– To provide access by subject to all relevant materials
– To provide subject access to materials through all suitable of
subject organisation – i.e matter, process, application
– To bring together all references to material on a subject
regardless of different terminology, different subject approaches,
and the changing nature of material itself
– To show affiliations among subject fields
– To provide entry at any level of analysis
– To provide entry through any vocabulary common to any
considerable group of users
– To provide a formal description the subject content of the item in
the most precise terms possible, whether this be a word, phrase,
class number etc
Vocabulary control
• The purpose of any list of subject headings or thesaorus is to control the
terms used in a catalog, bibliography or index.
• The purpose of any list of subject headings or thesaorus is to control the
terms used in a catalog, bibliography or index.
Controlled vocabulary
• A controlled vocabulary in one in which there is one term or notation for any one concept
– It explicitly records the hierarchical and associative relations of a concept
• A controlled vocabulary in one in which there is one term or notation for any one concept
– It explicitly records the hierarchical and associative relations of a concept
• E.g Allergy
– Narrower term : Hay fever
– It establishes the saize or the scope oof each topic
• E.g Baseball
– Includes the concept softball
Controlled vocabulary
• A controlled vocabulary in one in which there is one term or notation for any one concept
– It identifies synonymous terms and selects one prefered
• E.g Capsicum
• A controlled vocabulary in one in which there is one term or notation for any one concept
– It identifies synonymous terms and selects one prefered
• E.g Capsicum
– Use : Peppers
– For homonyms, it explicitly identifies the multiple concepts expressed by that word or phrase
– E.g
• Springs ( mechanical devices)
– Vs
• Springs (water sources)
Subject analysis
1. First examine the work in hand
2. Then decide on several keywords that could represent the subject
3. Using the keywords as a starting point, go to each term in the list to identify appropriate headings.
1. First examine the work in hand
2. Then decide on several keywords that could represent the subject
3. Using the keywords as a starting point, go to each term in the list to identify appropriate headings.
Subject analysis : determining the subject
• Title : may or may not be helpful
• Subtitle : often more useful
• Author : may provide an indication of the broad topic
• Forward, preface, introduction : usually state the author intention
• Publisher : may give an indication if the publisher specializes in a particular subject area
• Series : may be useful
• Content and index : usually the good indicator of the main topic
• Text :use to conform your ideas about the subject
• CIP : useful but use with care. CIP prepared prior to publication.
• Title : may or may not be helpful
• Subtitle : often more useful
• Author : may provide an indication of the broad topic
• Forward, preface, introduction : usually state the author intention
• Publisher : may give an indication if the publisher specializes in a particular subject area
• Series : may be useful
• Content and index : usually the good indicator of the main topic
• Text :use to conform your ideas about the subject
• CIP : useful but use with care. CIP prepared prior to publication.
Principles of subject cataloging
1. User :
Always consider user and their needs. The heading, in wroding and structure , should be one that the user would be most likely to look for
2. Uniform headings
All items dealing with one subject should be placed under one heading
3. Terminology
•Synonyms
•Variant spellings
•English vs other languages
•Technical vs popular
•Obsolete vs current terms
•Homonyms
Popular subject list
1. Library of Congress Subject Headings
2. Sears list of Subject Headings -is a list of subject headings for small libraries
1. Library of Congress Subject Headings
2. Sears list of Subject Headings -is a list of subject headings for small libraries
SUMMARY :
These are three examples of subject heading based on my understanding. This examples are taking from my exercise for subject heading by using Library of Congress Subject Headings.
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